AIIMS PATANA NURSING OFFICER 2020

AIIMS PATANA NURSING OFFICER 2020 QUESTION WITH RATIONAL -

Q.1 Oxytocin is mainly involved in which of the following functions?

  1. Motor skills
  2. Childbirth and lactation
  3. Growth and mental ability
  4. Regulation of blood pressure

Ans-Childbirth and lactation

Q.2 Which of the following hormones inhibits release of growth hormone?

  • Dopamine
  • Somatotropin
  • Somatostatin
  • Thyrotropin inhibiting hormone

Ans-Somatostatin

  • Rational-Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormones (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.

Q.3 Which of the following is an example of synarthrosis joint?

  1. Fibrous joints of the skull sutures
  2. Wrist joints
  3. Hip joints
  4. Elbow joint

Ans-Fibrous joints of the skull sutures

  • Rational-A synarthrosis is a joint that is essentially immobile. This type of joint provides for a strong connection between the adjacent bones, which serves to protect internal structures such as the brain or heart. Examples include the fibrous joints of the skull sutures and the cartilaginous manubriosternal joint.


Q.3 A ______ is a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.

  1. keraticellyte
  2. keracyte
  3. keratinocyte
  4. keratinolyte

Ans-keratinocyte

  • Rational-The cell of the epidermis that synthesizes keratin, known in its successive stages in the various layers of the skin as basal cell, prickle cell, and granular cell.

Q.4 Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted from the anterior pituitary?

  1. Adrenocorticotropin
  2. Prolactin
  3. Human growth hormone
  4. Oxytocin

Ans-Oxytocin

Q.5 The posterior pituitary consists mainly of ______.

  1. Beta cells
  2. C cells
  3. T cells
  4. Neuronal projections

Ans-Neuronal projections

  • Rational-The posterior pituitary consists mainly of neuronal projections ( axons ) extending from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. These axons release peptide hormones into the capillaries of the hypophyseal circulation.

Q.6 The expanded ends of a long bone are called:

  1. Tubercle
  2. Epicondyle
  3. Diaphysis
  4. Epiphyses

Ans-Epiphyses

  • Rational-The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone, at its joint with adjacent bone (s). Between the epiphysis and diaphysis (the long midsection of the long bone) lies the metaphysis, including the epiphyseal plate (growth plate).

Q.7 The elbow is an example of a ______ joint.

  1. hinge
  2. pivot
  3. condyloid
  4. planar

Ans-hinge

  • Rational-Elbow joint is an example of hinge joint. The elbow is a hinge joint; it can open and close like a door. Hinge joint is a form of diarthrosis (freely movable joint) that allows angular movement in one plane only, increasing or decreasing the angle between the bones e.g. elbow joint, knee joint etc.

Q.8 How many cervical nerves are there in the spinal cord?

  1.  5
  2.  9
  3.  8
  4. 12

Ans-8

  • Rational-Spinal nerve, in vertebrates, any one of many paired peripheral nerves that arise from the spinal cord. In humans there are 31 pairs: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal.

Q.9 Which of the following parts of the brain controls body temperature?

  1. Hypothalamus
  2. Hippocampus
  3. Pons
  4. Amygdala

Ans-Hypothalamus

  • Rational-The hypothalamus functions as a type of thermostat for the body. It sets a desired body temperature, and stimulates either heat production and retention to raise the blood temperature to a higher setting or sweating and vasodilation to cool the blood to a lower temperature.

Q.10 Which of the following quadriceps femoris muscles help in flexion of the thigh?

  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Vastus lateralis

Ans-Rectus femoris

Q.11 What is the synonym of Clotting Factor II?

  1. Christmas factor
  2. Fibrinogen
  3. Calcium
  4. Prothrombin

Ans-Prothrombin

Q.12 Which of the following is an example of ball-and-socket joints?

  • Skull joint
  • Thumb joint
  •  Hip joint
  • Elbow joint

Ans-Hip joint

  • Rational-Ball and socket joints, also known as spheroidal joints are defined as joints, which are composed of a ball-like rounded structure of one bone that moves freely within a socket-like depression in another bone.Examples of such ball and socket joints in the human body include the hip joint and the shoulder joint.

Q.13 Which of the following layers of the adrenal gland secretes glucocorticoids?

  1. Adrenal medulla
  2. Zona glomerulosa
  3. Zona reticularis
  4. Zona fasciculata

Ans-Zona fasciculata

Q.14 Carpometacarpal joint is an example of which of the following types of joints?

  1. Hinge
  2. Ball and socket
  3. Pivot
  4. Saddle

Ans-Saddle

  • Rational-The first CMC joint is a saddle-shaped, very mobile articulation between the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal. It allows 40° to 50° of thumb flexion–extension parallel to the plane of the palm and 40° to 70° of adduction–abduction perpendicular to the plane of the palm. 

Q.15 What is the approximate maximum air volume in the lung for normal healthy adult?

  1. 2400 mL
  2. 3000 mL
  3. 300 mL
  4. 6000 mL

Ans-6000 mL

  • Rational-The average total lung capacity of an adult human male is about 6 litres of air. Tidal breathing is normal, resting breathing; the tidal volume is the volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in only a single such breath.

Q.16 How many bones are there in the lower extremities in a normal adult?

  1. 58
  2. 62
  3. 64
  4. 60

Ans-62

  • Rational- The 62 lower extremity bones consist of 10 hip and leg, 14 ankle and 38 foot bones.

Q.17 Tarsals of the ankles are examples of which type of bone?

  1. Short bones
  2. Sesamoid bones
  3. Long bones
  4. Pneumatic bones

Ans-Short bones

  • Rational-A short bone is one that is cube-like in shape, being approximately equal in length, width, and thickness. The only short bones in the human skeleton are in the carpals of the wrists and the tarsals of the ankles. Short bones provide stability and support as well as some limited motion.

Q.18 Which of the following is the largest cranial nerve?

  1. Cranial VI
  2. Cranial nerve X
  3. Cranial nerve VII
  4. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal)

Ans-Cranial nerve V (trigeminal)

  • Rational-Cranial nerve V is known as the trigeminal nerve. It is the largest (in diameter) of the cranial nerves and contains sensory fibres for the face, as well as a motor segment important for mastication (chewing).

Q.19 The apex of the heart is formed mostly by the:

  1.  left ventricle
  2. right atrium
  3.  left atrium
  4. central ventricle

Ans-left ventricle

  • Rational-The heart is located in the middle of the thoracic cavity, oriented obliquely, with the apex of the heart pointing down and to the left.

Q.21 Which of the following is NOT related to MMR vaccine?

  1.  Rubella
  2. Measles
  3. Rickets
  4. Mumps

Ans-Rickets

Q.22 Who among the following devised the autoclave used for sterilisation?

  1.  Charles Chamberland
  2. Robert Koch
  3.  Edward Jenner
  4.  Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Ans-Charles Chamberland

  • Rational-The invention of the autoclave sterilizer is attributed to Charles Chamberland, in 1879. Around that time, researchers started to understand the advantages of sterile surgery, and doctors needed a more reliable sterilization method than open flaming. The autoclave’s benefits were soon evident, and it became an essential part of every clinic and hospital. 

Q.23 Widal, a serological test, is used to detect the presence of which of the following pathogenic microorganisms?

  1. E. Coli
  2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  3. Haemophilus influenza
  4. Salmonella typhi

Ans-Salmonella typhi

Q.24 The causative agent of Lyme disease is-

  1.  Rickettsia prowazekii
  2.  Alphavirus
  3. Borrelia burgdorferi
  4. Trypnosoma brucei gamiense

Ans-Borrelia burgdorferi

  • Rational-Lyme disease is caused by four main species of bacteria. Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia mayonii cause Lyme disease in the United States, while Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii are the leading causes in Europe and Asia. The most common tick-borne illness in these regions, Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of an infected black-legged tick, commonly known as a deer tick.

Q.25 Which of the following microorganisms causes gonorrhoea?

  1. Stylus gonorrhoeae
  2. Streptococcus pneumoniae
  3. Stereotyoist gonorrhoeae
  4.  Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Ans- Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Q.26 What is the optimum temperature in an autoclave to achieve sterility?

  1. 121 °C for 30 minutes
  2. 60 °C for 30 minutes
  3. 34 °C for 30 minutes
  4. 27 °C for 20 minutes

Ans-121 °C for 30 minutes


Q.27 Which of the following involves the introduction of antibodies into the body from an animal or person already immune to the disease?

  1.  Active immunity
  2.  Artificially acquired passive immunity
  3.  Naturally acquired passive immunity
  4.  Innate immunity

Ans- Artificially acquired passive immunity

Q.28 Type I hypersensitivity is mediated by-

  1.  IgG
  2.  IgE
  3.  IgM
  4.  IgA

Ans-IgE

  • Rational-Type I hypersensitivity, or sometimes IgE-mediated hypersensitivity or immediate hypersensitivity, is a type of immune reaction in which tissue is damaged due to IgE antibody. 

Q.29 Rod-shaped bacteria are called:

  1.  Cocci
  2.  Clusters
  3.  Bacillus
  4. Spirochetes

Ans- Bacillus

Q.30 Which of the following is true about IgM?

  1.  It is not produced by vertebrates.
  2. It forms the initial immune response.
  3. It is not an isotypes of antibody.
  4. It is the smallest antibody.

Ans-It forms the initial immune response.

Q.31 As per 2011 census survey, ______ per cent of the population of India suffer from disability
(in the identified 8 categories).

  1.  2.21
  2. 1.2
  3. 2.5
  4. 3.1

Ans-2.21

  • Rational-Census 2001 has revealed that over 21 million people in India as suffering from one or the other kind of disability. This is equivalent to 2.1% of the population. Among the total disabled in the country, 12.6 million are males and 9.3 million are females.

Q.32 Who is considered as the father of sociology?

  1. Auguste Comte
  2.  Maclver
  3.  Emile Durkheim
  4.  Kingsley Davis

Ans-Auguste Comte

  • Rational-The French philosopher Auguste Comte (1798–1857)—often called the “father of sociology”—first used the term “sociology” in 1838 to refer to the scientific study of society. He believed that all societies develop and progress through the following stages religious, metaphysical, and scientific.

Q.33 Which of the following is NOT a stage of socialisation?

  1.  Oral stage
  2.  Despair stage
  3.  Oedipal stage
  4.  Latency stage

Anis-Despair stage

Q.34 Caste status is an example of which of the following status?

  1. Monetary
  2. Ascribed
  3. Achieved
  4. General

Ans-Ascribed

Q.35 The general process of acquiring culture is referred to as-

  1.  Dispersion
  2.  Diffusion
  3. Socialisation
  4. Acculturation

Ans-Socialisation

  • Rational-The general process of acquiring culture is referred to as socialization. During socialization, we learn the language of the culturewe are born into as well as the roles we are to play in life. For instance, girls learn how to be daughters, sisters.

Q.36 Socialisation is a process involving-

  1.  declaring everything as belonging to society
  2. setting up the social norms
  3. Inducting people to adapt in society
  4.  Normalisation of criminals and anti-social elements

Ans-Inducting people to adapt in society

Q.37 Who said that man is a social animal?

  1.  Maclver
  2. Auguste Comte
  3.  Aristotle
  4.  Ginseberg

Ans- Aristotle

  • Rational-Aristotle the legendary Greek philosopher said, “Man is by nature a social animal; an individual who is unsocial naturally and not accidentally is either beneath our notice or more than human. Society is something that precedes the individual.”

Q.38 Any small group marked by continuous close interaction of a highly personal and emotionally supportive nature is called a/an ______ group.

  1. reference
  2. secondary
  3.  primary
  4.  interest

Ans- primary

Q.39 Polyandry means-

  1. a form of marriage that joins one female with more than one male
  2. a form of marriage that joins one male with more than one female
  3. a form of marriage that joins one female with one male
  4. getting married in the same blood group

Ans-a form of marriage that joins one female with more than one male

  • Rational-Polyandry, marriage of a woman to two or more men at the same time; the term derives from the Greek polys, “many,” and anēr, andros, “man.”. When the husbands in a polyandrous marriage are brothers or are said to be brothers, the institution is called adelphic, or fraternal, polyandry. 

Q.40 Providing education to the school, college and street children on prevention of drug addiction is an example of ______ prevention.

  1.  primordial
  2.  tertiary
  3. primary
  4. secondary

Ans- primordial

Q.41 Lack of oxygen in the blood stream is called-

  1.  Hypoxaemia
  2. Cyanosis
  3.  Hypoxia
  4.  Anoxaemia

Ans-Hypoxaemia

  • Rational-Hypoxemia is a below-normal level of oxygen in your blood, specifically in the arteries. Hypoxemia is a sign of a problem related to breathing or circulation, and may result in various symptoms, such as shortness of breath.

Q.42 Under normal circumstances, concentration of oxygen in inspired air is about _______ per cent.

  1.  100
  2.  6
  3.  29
  4.  21

Ans- 21

  • Rational-The atmospheric air that we inhale on a day to day basis is made up of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen and 1% trace elements such as argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium and methane.

Q.43 As per Kubler-Ross' stages of grieving, refusing to believe that loss is happening/has happened is called-

  1.  Bargaining
  2.  Denial
  3. Acceptance
  4.  Depression

Ans- Denial

  • Rational-Elisabeth Kübler-Ross described five stages of grief, popularly referred to as DABDA. They include- Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression. & Acceptance.

Q.44 Which of the following organs is one of the primary regulator of body fluid and electrolyte balance?

  1.  Intestine
  2.  Kidney
  3.  Stomach
  4.  Lungs

Ans- Kidney

Q.45 What is the approximate normal level of haematocrit/packed cell volume in men?

  1.  5 % to 15 %
  2.  60 % to 70 %
  3.  40 % to 50 %
  4. 20 % to 35 %

Ans- 40 % to 50 %

  • Rational-The hematocrit measures the volume of red blood cells compared to the total blood volume (red blood cells and plasma). The normal hematocrit for men is 40 to 54%; for women it is 36 to 48%.

Q.46 Which of the following tests need to be performed before radial artery cannulation to evaluate radial and ulnar arterial patency?

  1.  Coop's test
  2. Allen's test
  3. Capillary refill test
  4.  Buergeor's test

Ans-Allen's test

  • Rational-Allen's test A clinical test used to evaluate ulnar-artery patency before radial-artery cannulation or radial-artery harvesting for coronary-artery bypass grafting. Method Simultaneous compression of both the radial and ulnar arteries, followed by exsanguination of blood from the palm by repeated clenching and unclenching of the fist.

Q.47 A group of symptoms is known as-

  1.  Signs
  2. Syndrome
  3.  clinical manifestations
  4.  group symptoms

Ans-Syndrome

  • Rational- Syndrome[noun] a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality or condition.

Q.48 Rhythmic waxing and waning of respiration is called-

  1.  Hypoventilation
  2. Orthopnoea
  3.  Hyperventilation
  4. Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Ans-Cheyne-Stokes respiration

  • Rational-Episodes of Cheyne-Stokes consist of repeating cycles of abnormal respiration, each lasting between approximately 45 seconds and three minutes. During each cycle, the patient's breathing grows strong and then subsequently weakens.

Q.49 A bedridden patient is having intact skin at the sacral region, and the symptoms of warmness, pain and firm skin at the site. What is the stage of bedsore?

  1.  Stage III
  2. Stage II
  3. Stage I
  4. Stage IV

Ans-Stage I

Q.50 Following death, the subjective response experienced by the surviving loved ones is called-

  1.  bereavement
  2. mourning
  3.  compliance
  4.  grief

Ans-bereavement

  • Rational-Bereavement definition, a period of mourning after a loss, especially after the death of a loved one: The widow had many visitors during her bereavement.

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