B.Sc. Nursing-III Semester (Main) Examination January - 2025 Adult Health (Medical Surgical) Nursing-I with Integrated Pathophysiology

29-01-2025                                                                                                                                                                                               5023

B.Sc. Nursing-III Semester (Main) Examination January - 2025

Adult Health (Medical Surgical) Nursing-I with Integrated Pathophysiology

Instructions to the candidates:

1. Do not write anything on question paper except Roll Number, otherwise it shall be deemed as an act of including in unfair means and action shall be taken as per rules.

2. Use separate answer book for each section.

             Duration: 3 Hours              No. of Pages in this Question Paper: 2                                                                          Total Marks: 75

 

Q.1 Long Essay Type Questions. (Attempt any two)                                                        2x15=30              

  1. Define pancreatitis. Describe the pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of pancreatitis. Explain the medical and nursing management of patient, who is admitted with acute pancreatitis.
  2. Define diabetes mellitus and its clinical manifestation, explain the pathophysiology. Describe the management strategies with nursing care plan.
  3. Define fracture. Write down the types of fracture. Explain the pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of fracture. Describe in details medical and nursing management of fracture.

Q.2 Short notes (Attempt any five)                                                                                             5x5=25                                                       

  1. Explain management of Raynaud's disease.
  2. Describe the pathophysiology of Myxedema.
  3. Write shorts on Dermatosis.
  4. Write down difference between transudate and exudate.
  5. Describe the pathophysiology of airway obstruction
  6. Describe the types of Melanoma.

Q.3 Very short questions (Attempt any flive.)                                                                             5x2=10

  1. List the types of splint.
  2. List the risk factors of Hepatitis-B.
  3. What is cretinism.
  4. Define Agranulocytosis.
  5. What is paroxysmal Nocturnal dyspnea.
  6. Define pleural Effusion.

Q.4 Write the correct Answer. Multiple choice questions (Attempt All).                                     10x1=10

1. Which of the following is a complication of untreated scoliosis?

a) Joint swelling

b) Muscle weakness

c) Kyphosis

d) Progression of spinal curvature.

Note-Untreated scoliosis can lead to a worsening of the spinal curve over time, which may result in pain, reduced mobility, and complications such as respiratory or cardiovascular issues in severe cases.

2. Which endocrine disorder is characterized by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands?

a) Cushing's syndrome

b) Addison's disease

c) Grave's disease

d) Hypoparathyroidism

Note-Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands, which can result from prolonged corticosteroid use or an overproduction of cortisol due to conditions like adrenal tumors or pituitary disorders. Symptoms include weight gain, moon face, high blood pressure, and muscle weakness.

3.  A patient present with confusion, muscle weakness and a serum sodium level of 115 Meq/lit. Which condition is most likely?

a) Hypernatremia

b) Hyperkalemia

c) Hyponatremia

d) Hypokalemia

Note-A serum sodium level of 115 mEq/L is significantly low, indicating severe hyponatremia. This condition can lead to symptoms such as confusion, muscle weakness, seizures, and in severe cases, coma. It is often caused by factors like excessive fluid retention (e.g., SIADH), kidney disease, or excessive loss of sodium through vomiting, diarrhea, or diuretics.

4.  Which type of wound healing involves the edges of the wound being brought together, often which sutures, staples or adhesive tape?

a) Secondary intention

b) Tertiary intention

c) Primary intention

d) Delayed primary Intention

Note-Primary intention healing occurs when the edges of a wound are brought together using sutures, staples, or adhesive tape, allowing for minimal scarring and faster healing. This is typically used for surgical incisions or clean, minor wounds.

5. Which of the following is a viral disease characterized by a distinctive rash with small, Red Spots?

a) Tetanus

b) Measles

c) Cholera

d) Typhoid Fever

Note-Measles is a viral disease characterized by a distinctive red rash with small spots (Koplik spots in the mouth) and widespread maculopapular rash on the skin. Other symptoms include fever, cough, conjunctivitis, and runny nose. It is caused by the Measles virus and is highly contagious.

6. A patient with renal failure is at risk for Hyperkalemia. Which ECG changes is commonly associated with hyperkalemia?

a) U waves

b) Flattened T waves

c) Peaked T waves

d) prolonged QT interval.

Note-Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) can cause characteristic ECG changes, including tall, peaked T waves, which are often the earliest sign. As hyperkalemia worsens, it can lead to widened QRS complexes, loss of P waves, and eventually ventricular arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.

7. Which type of shock is characterized by widespread vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, often associated with serve allergic reactions?

a) Cardiogenic shock

b) Hypovolemic shock

c) Neurogenic shock

d) Anaphylactic shock

Note-Anaphylactic shock is a type of distributive shock caused by a severe allergic reaction, leading to widespread vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and fluid leakage. This results in severe hypotension, respiratory distress, and potential multi-organ failure if not treated promptly with epinephrine, antihistamines, and IV fluids.

8. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid analgesics?

a) Hypertension

b) Bradycardia

c) Constipation

4) Excessive sweating

Note-Opioid analgesics commonly cause constipation due to their action on the gastrointestinal tract, where they reduce peristalsis and intestinal motility. Other common side effects include respiratory depression, sedation, nausea, and miosis (pupil constriction).

9. Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating sodium and potassium balance in the body.

a) Insulin

b) Thyroxine

c) Aldosterone

d) Growth Hormone

Note-Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that plays a key role in regulating sodium and potassium balance. It promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion by the kidneys, which helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance in the body.

10. Which medication is commonly prescribed to reduce fluid overload in patient with Heart Failure?

a) Digoxin

b) Metoprolol

ç) Furosemide

d) Atorvastatin

Note-Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly prescribed to reduce fluid overload in patients with heart failure. It helps eliminate excess fluid by increasing urine output, thereby reducing pulmonary and peripheral edema and improving breathing and circulation.

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