AIIMS PATANA NURSING OFFICER 2020

AIIMS PATANA NURSING OFFICER 2020 QUESTION WITH RATIONAL -

Q.1 Calories generated per gram of fat is approximately-

  1.  4 Kcals
  2. 9 Kcals
  3. 15 Kcals
  4. 1 Kcals

Ans-9 Kcals

  • Rational-There are 9 calories per gram of fat while one gram of carbohydrates and proteins contains 4 calories each. The body requires fats, hence they must be part of a healthy diet.

Q.2 Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

  1.  Valine
  2. Niacin
  3. Thiamine
  4. Pyridoxine

Ans-Valine

Rational-The 9 Essential Amino Acid 

  •  Histidine
  •  Isoleucine
  •  Leucine
  •  Lysine
  •  Methionine
  • Phenylalanine
  • Threonine
  • Tryptophan
  • Valine 

Q.3 An average healthy person with no diseases should ideally get ______ of his/her daily calorie requirements from healthy fats.

  1. 50 % to 60 %
  2. 70 % to 80 %
  3. 5 % to 10 %
  4. 20 % to 30 %

Ans-20 % to 30 %

  • Rational-Most sources recommend getting at least 20–30 percent of total calories from fat.

Q.4 In which organ does the absorption of iron takes place?

  1. Duodenum in small intestine 
  2. Colon
  3. Liver
  4. Stomach

Ans-Duodenum in small intestine

  • Rational-Iron enters the stomach where it is exposed to stomach acid and changed into a form that allows it to be absorbed. The portion of the small intestine called the duodenum is the chief area where iron absorption takes place. There may be a second minor absorption site near the end of the small intestinal tract.

Q. 5 Vitamin B1 is also known as-

  1. Pyridoxine
  2. Riboflavin
  3. Niacin
  4. Thiamine

Ans- Thiamine

  • Rational-Thiamine, also known as thiamin or vitamin B1, is a vitamin found in food, and manufactured as a dietary supplement and medication.  Food sources of thiamine include whole grains, legumes, and some meats and fish.

Q.6 Which of the following trace elements is essential for the synthesis of insulin?

  1. Zinc
  2. Cobalt
  3. Iron
  4. Sodium

Ans-Zinc

  • Rational-Zinc is important for glucose homeostasis as it is involved the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin, being a component of several metabolic enzymes, regulation of immunity and suppression of inflammation.

Q.7 Which of the following digestive enzymes present in gastric juice is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins?

  1. Trypsin
  2. Peptidases
  3. Pepsin
  4. Chymotrypsin

Ans-Pepsin

  • Rational-It’s essential for breaking down and digesting proteins. Cells in the stomach begin by producing an inactive enzyme called pepsinogen, which changes into pepsin when it enters the acidic environment of the stomach. Then pepsin works to break chemical bonds in proteins, producing smaller molecules that are called peptides.

Q.8 Emulsification of lipids in the small intestine requires-

  1.  gastric lipase
  2.  Pepsin
  3. bile salts
  4. pancreatic lipase

Ans-bile salts

  • Rational-Fat Emulsification Carbohydrates and proteins dissolve in water, which allows digestive enzymes to go to work on them, but fat does not. Your liver produces a substance called bile, which is secreted into the small intestine. This breaks up fat in a process called emulsification, which effectively make the fats water-soluble.

Q. 9 Which of the following nutrients provides energy to the body?

  1.  Zinc
  2. Fat
  3. Vitamin A
  4. Vitamin D

Ans-Fat

Q.10 Which of the following is precursor to vitamin A?

  1.  Pyridoxine
  2. Thiamine
  3. Beta-carotene
  4. Retinol

Ans-Beta-carotene

  • Rational-Vitamin A. The active form of vitamin A is retinol, a compound found rarely in foods. The body synthesizes the vitamin from precursors in the diet, called carotenoids. The most commonly available carotenoid is beta-carotene, which the body may store in fat cells until it is needed.

Q.11 The constant presence of a disease or infection within a given geographic area is called-

  1. Sporadic
  2. Pandemic
  3. Endemic
  4. Epidemic

Ans-Endemic

  • Rational-Endemic refers to the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.

Q.12 The denominator used to calculate crude birth rate is-

  1.  school-going population
  2.  live births in that year
  3. mid-year population in that year
  4.  population aged 18 years or above

Ans-mid-year population in that year

Q.13 What was the theme of World Health Day 2019?

  1.  Halt the rise: beat diabetes
  2. Healthy heart beat: healthy blood pressure
  3. Universal health coverage: everyone, everywhere
  4. Food safety

Ans-Universal health coverage: everyone, everywhere

  • Rational-The 2019 World Health Day theme was "Universal Health Coverage: Everyone, Everywhere", a repeat of the 2018 theme, with an emphasis on the idea that "Universal Health Coverage is the WHO's number one goal".

Q.14 What is the minimum contact time required for the chlorination of water to take place?

  1. 30 minutes
  2. 10 minutes
  3. 90 minutes
  4. 60 minutes

Ans-30 minutes

  • Rational-In water above about 18oC the chlorine should be in contact with the water for at least 30 minutes. If the water is colder then the contact time must be increased.

Q.15 The number of all current cases of a disease at one point of time is called-

  1. period prevalence
  2. point incidence
  3. time prevalence
  4. point prevalence

Ans-point prevalence

  • Rational-Point prevalence is a measure of the proportion of people in a population who have a disease or condition at a particular time, such as a particular date. It is like a snapshot of the disease in time. It can be used for statistics on the occurrence of chronic diseases.

Q.16 In which year was the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) introduced?

  1. 2006
  2. 2008
  3. 2007
  4. 2005

Ans-2008

  • Rational-Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana was introduced in the year 2008 by the Ministry of Labor and Employment for unorganized workers in the country. The idea is to provide families below the line of poverty with the best healthcare services and social security.

Q.17 Hardness of water is expressed as-

  1.  PPL
  2.  mg/L
  3.  mEq/ML
  4.  mg%

Ans- mg/L

Q.18 The route of administration of hepatitis B vaccine is-

  1. Subcutaneous
  2. Intrathecal
  3. Intradermal
  4. Intramuscular

Ans-Intramuscular

  • Rational-Dose Route Intramuscular (IM) injection. Hepatitis A (HepA) Hepatitis B (HepB) HepA and HepB (HepA/B) Human papillomavirus (HPV).

Q.19 Koplik's spots are the clinical feature of-

  1.  Cholera
  2.  Chickenpox
  3. Measles
  4. Pertussis

Ans-Measles

  • Rational-Koplik spots are tiny grayish-white spots that look like grains of sands with a reddish ring around them. They often appear in the mouth of children infected with measles . These Koplik spots are mostly seen on the lining of the inner cheek, called the buccal mucosa, particularly along the opposite side of the lower molars.

Q. 20 One CHC covers a population of ______ in hilly areas.

  1.  10000
  2.  80000
  3.  30000
  4. 50000

Ans- 80000

  • Rational-Community Health Centres (CHCs) for every population of 1,20,000 in the plains and 80,000 in hilly areas. 

Q. 21 Inflammation of the oral mucosa is known as-

  1.  Gingivitis
  2.  Glossitis
  3.  Stomatitis
  4. Parotitis

Ans- Stomatitis

  • Rational-Stomatitis basically means inflammation of the mouth. But to be more specific, stomatitis is the inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth which may include the gums, tongue, cheeks, lips and the floor or roof of the mouth.

Q. 22 Which of the following medication orders is administered immediately and only once?

  • Single order
  • PRN order
  • Standing order
  • Stat order

Ans-Stat order

Q. 23 Breathing that is normal in rate and depth is called-

  1.  bradypnoea
  2. tachypnoea
  3. eupnoea
  4. apnoea

Ans-eupnoea


Q.24 Stiffness in the body that occurs after 2 to 4 hrs after death is called-

  1. livor mortis
  2. algor mortis
  3. rigor mortis
  4. stiff mortis

Ans-rigor mortis

  • Rational-Rigor mortis, which translates from Latin as "stiffness of death", sets in quickly and usually ends three or four days after death. The condition results from a lack of certain chemicals in the muscles.

Q.25 Which of the following is NOT an example of dry cold application?

  1. Ice pack
  2. Ice cradle
  3. Cold compress
  4. Ice bag

Ans-Cold compress

Q.26 The main intracellular cation is-

  1.  Zinc
  2.  Potassium
  3. Chloride
  4.  Halide

Ans- Potassium

  • Rational-In the intracellular fluid, potassium is the major cation. The major cation is an electrolyte found in the extracellular or intracellular fluids. The three major electrolytes are sodium, potassium, and chloride, and they play a role in maintaining homeostasis.

Q.27 A patient is to receive 1000 mL of IV fluid in 6 hours. The drop factor is 15 drops per mL. At approximately how many drops per minute should the flow rate be set?

  1. 21 drops/min
  2.  42 drops/min
  3.  55 drops/min
  4. 33 drops/min

Ans- 42 drops/min

Q.28 In which of the following positions is the patient at greatest risk of shearing force?

  1.  Semi-Fowler's position
  2. Lying supine in bed
  3.  High-Fowler's position
  4. Trendelenburg position

Ans-High-Fowler's position

Q.29 Movement of the joints away from the mid-line of the body is called-

  1.  Addiction
  2.   Abduction
  3. Adhesion
  4. Adduction

Ans- Abduction

  • Rational- Movement of a limb away from the body’s midline, or of a digit away from a limb’s axis. Abductor muscles are muscles that contract to move part of the body outward.

Q.30 What does the term Cheilosis mean?

  1. Bad breath
  2.  Cracking of lips
  3. Inflammation of the gums
  4.  Inflammation of the tongue

Ans- Cracking of lips

  • Rational-Cheilosis, perleche (noun) a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth.

Q.31 The discolouration that appears in the dependent areas of the body after death is called-

  1.  rigor mortis
  2. algor mortis
  3. livor mortis
  4.  stiff mortis

Ans-livor mortis

  • Rational-Hypostasis (also called livor mortis) refers to the purplish discolouration of the superficial layers of dependent areas of the skin occurring soon after death. In reality the mechanisms causing hypostasis cause changes in every organ in the body.

Q.32 Kussmaul breathing is associated with-

  1.  Heart failure
  2.  Bronchial asthma
  3. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  4.  Atelectasis

Ans-Diabetic ketoacidosis

Q.33 Absorptive dressings are intended to-

  1.  absorb nutrients for the wound
  2. gather moisture from the atmosphere to keep the wound cool
  3. remove drainage from the bed sore
  4. absorb blood from veins

Ans-remove drainage from the bed sore

Q.34 Which of the following medication orders are for every other day?

  1. qod
  2. qh
  3. qd
  4. bid

Ans-qod

Q.35 In a healthy individual, weighing 70 kg at rest, the stroke volume is about-

  1.  150 ml
  2.  100 ml
  3. 70 ml
  4. 50 ml

Ans-70 ml

  • Rational-For a healthy person weighing 70 kg, the cardiac output at rest averages about 5 L/min; assuming a heart rate of 70 beats/min, the stroke volume would be approximately 70 ml.

Q.36 The fever in which temperature remains above normal throughout the day and fluctuate more than 2 degree Fahrenheit is known as ______ fever.

  1.  remittent
  2.  iysis
  3. inverted
  4.  intermittent

Ans- remittent

Q.37 The site of pulse in the neck is called-

  1.  Temporal
  2.  Carotid
  3. Radial
  4. Popliteal

Ans- Carotid

Q.38 The gradual decrease in body's temperature after death is called-

  1.  stiff mortis
  2. rigor mortis
  3.  algor mortis
  4.  livor mortis

Ans- algor mortis

  • Rational-After the heart stops beating, the body turns cold. This process is known as algor mortis. Each hour, the body temperature drops about 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit until it reaches room temperature.

Q.39 ______ is the process of introducing a disinfectant solution to the internal environment of the body when someone passes away.

  1.  Embacterium
  2.  Embalming
  3.  Revaccination
  4. Rinsing

Ans- Embalming

Q.40 ______ enema is also called antispasmodic enema.

  1.  Cold
  2.  Antihelminthic
  3.  Oil
  4. Carminative

Ans-Carminative

Q.41 HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) value reflects the blood glucose levels in the past ______ months.

  1. 1
  2. 7
  3. 9
  4. 3

Ans-3
Q.42 The sudden fall of temperature from high to normal within a few hours is called-

  1.  Hypothermia
  2.  True crisis
  3. Lysis
  4. False crisis

Ans- True crisis

Q.43 Which of the following equipment is used for the examination of the ear?

  1. Ophthalmoscope
  2. Otoscope
  3. Laryngoscope
  4. Proctoscope

Ans-Otoscope

Q.44 The specific gravity of the urine normally ranges approximately from-

  1. 1.8 to 2.0
  2. 1.01 to 1.025
  3. 1.5 to 1.8
  4. 0.75 to 1.00

Ans-1.01 to 1.025

Q.45 Insertion of a tube inside the stomach through the nose is called nasogastric ______.

  1.  Irrigation
  2.  Extubation
  3.  Intubation
  4.  Urigation

Ans- Intubation

  • Rational-Nasogastric intubation is a medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, past the throat, and down into the stomach. Orogastric intubation is a similar process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (orogastric tube) through the mouth. Abraham Louis Levin invented the NG tube.

Q.46 Intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride is a/an ______ solution.

  1. colloid
  2. hypotonic
  3. hypertonic
  4. isotonic

Ans-hypotonic

Q.47 Which of the following electrolytes does insulin help to move into the cells?

  1.  Bicarbonates
  2. Chloride
  3. Potassium
  4. Carbonates

Ans-Potassium

  • Rational-Realize that insulin and glucose help drive potassium into the cells thereby reducing serum potassium levels, but given the choice wouldn't it be better to leave it in the serum rather than forcing it into the cells? The main risk of hyperkalemia is cardiac arrest caused by high potassium levels in cardiac muscle cells.

Q.48 Temperature of 98.7 degree Fahrenheit is approximately equal to ______ degree Celsius.

  1.  38.16
  2. 37.56
  3.  37.06
  4. 36.52

Ans- 37.06

Q.49 Difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called-

  1. pulse range
  2. pulse length
  3. pulse pressure 
  4. pulse deficit

Ans-pulse pressure

  • Rational-Pulse pressure is the difference between your systolic blood pressure, which is the top number of your blood pressure reading, and diastolic blood pressure, which is the bottom number.

Q.50 Formula to calculate BMI is-

  1. weight in kg divided by height in feet
  2. weight in kg divided by square of height in metres
  3.  weight in kg divided by square of height in feet
  4. weight in kg divided by height in metres

Ans-weight in kg divided by square of height in metres

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